Software Index
State of the Market
Bending Spoonsβ early-August agreement to acquire Airtable illustrates the marketβs concerns about the long-term value of certain software assets. The all-cash transaction assigns an enterprise value of $1.285 billion to a business generating approximately $480 million in annual recurring revenue and still growing more than 20% year over year, a significant decline from Airtableβs $11 billion private valuation in late 2021. Growth equity and public-market investors remain hesitant to pay elevated multiples for non-AI technology companies, even when the underlying businesses continue to generate solid recurring revenue and growth. Bending Spoons itself, trading at roughly 13x LTM revenue, exemplifies a new type of market participant focused on leveraging AI, lean operating teams, and new product and service launches to create additional value from large, established customer bases.
In contrast to the weakness in software stocks, broader equity markets have remained relatively resilient despite mixed economic signals over the past month. The S&P 500 surpassed 7,800, rebounding from a relatively flat July, while the Nasdaq Composite initially lagged before participating in the broader recovery. More recently, however, investor sentiment has cooled as longer-term interest rates have moved higher, with the 30-year U.S. Treasury yield reaching 5.337%, its highest level since 2007.
July nonfarm payrolls declined by 23,000, missing expectations for modest gains and marking the first outright monthly job loss since December 2020. Prior months were revised lower by a combined 103,000, confirming a softer trajectory. The unemployment rate edged down to 4.1% from 4.2%, driven more by a shrinking labor force than by stronger hiring. Participation slipped to 61.4% from 61.5%, reflecting roughly 264,000 workers leaving the workforce or ceasing their job search.
Second-quarter GDP expanded at a 1.5% annualized rate, decelerating from 2.1% in the first quarter and falling short of consensus. Consumer spending remained the primary support, though government outlays acted as a drag. More recent data pointed to softer demand: retail sales fell 0.6% in July, the largest monthly drop in over a year. Weakness was concentrated in autos, gasoline stations, and nonstore retailers, partly reflecting the earlier-than-usual timing of Amazon Prime Day that pulled some spending into June.
Inflation continued a gradual cooling. July CPI rose 3.4% year over year, down from 3.5% in June, with core measures near 2.5%. The Federal Open Market Committee (βFOMCβ) held the federal funds rate steady at 3.50-3.75% at its late-July meeting, with three dissenters preferring a hike. Markets now assign low odds to any near-term cut, reflecting persistent price pressures and mixed growth signals.
Energy markets remain sensitive to the protracted Iran conflict and restricted shipping through the Strait of Hormuz. Brent crude has traded near $89 per barrel in recent sessions after earlier spikes, as tanker attacks and stalled diplomacy limited supply flows. These disruptions continue to pose upside risks to energy costs and broader inflation.
Looking ahead, investors confront a balanced set of risks and opportunities. Softer labor data and moderating growth could eventually open the door to policy easing, while AI-related capital spending and resilient consumer demand offer support. Key markers include the September FOMC meeting, the next employment report, movements in long-dated U.S. Treasury yields, and any progress or setbacks on Middle East shipping and U.S.-China commercial discussions. Volatility is likely to remain elevated as these crosscurrents play out.
Median
NTM Rev Multiple
3.5x
Top 10*
NTM Rev Multiple
14.6x
Median
NTM Rev Growth
10%
Top 10*
NTM Rev Growth
25%
Median
Gross Margin
75%
Top 10*
Gross Margin
74%
*Median multiple, growth rate, and gross margin for the top 10 companies based on EV/NTM Revenue.
Valuation Trends
Index Leaders
Top 10 companies in the Software Index based on current EV / NTM Revenue Multiple.
|
Company
|
EV/NTM Rev
|
EV ($MM)
|
LTM Rev $MM
|
NTM Rev Growth
|
LTM Rev Growth
|
Gross Margin
|
Operating Margin
|
FCF Margin
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | 33.6x | 287,305 | 5,224 | 63.5% | 68% | 84% | 38% | 34% |
| Cloudflare, Inc. | 32.9x | 98,382 | 2,329 | 28.6% | 32% | 73% | -9% | 32% |
| CrowdStrike Holdings, Inc. | 30.5x | 190,655 | 5,094 | 22.6% | 23% | 75% | -3% | 38% |
| Datadog, Inc. | 20.2x | 91,913 | 3,672 | 23.9% | 30% | 80% | -1% | 26% |
| Snowflake Inc. | 15.5x | 100,030 | 5,033 | 28.3% | 31% | 67% | -26% | 35% |
| JFrog Ltd. | 13.6x | 8,939 | 563 | 16.5% | 25% | 77% | -13% | 30% |
| DigitalOcean Holdings, Inc. | 11.5x | 14,503 | 949 | 33.1% | 18% | 58% | 16% | 5% |
| Samsara Inc. | 9.8x | 20,505 | 1,731 | 21.4% | 30% | 76% | -1% | 14% |
| Shopify Inc. | 9.4x | 146,139 | 12,366 | 25.2% | 32% | 48% | 17% | 10% |
| Manhattan Associates, Inc. | 9.1x | 11,025 | 1,126 | 7.2% | 6% | 56% | 25% | 29% |
| Microsoft Corporation | 9.0x | 3,502,962 | 331,839 | 17.7% | 18% | 68% | 47% | 6% |
| MongoDB, Inc. | 8.1x | 24,776 | 2,602 | 18.3% | 24% | 72% | -4% | 20% |
| Figma, Inc. | 7.4x | 11,268 | 1,161 | 30.4% | 41% | 80% | -126% | 70% |
| The Descartes Systems Group Inc. | 7.3x | 6,069 | 754 | 10.2% | 13% | 77% | 31% | 36% |
| Okta, Inc. | 6.9x | 22,490 | 2,996 | 9.1% | 12% | 77% | 6% | 33% |
| ServiceNow, Inc. | 6.6x | 116,742 | 14,732 | 19.9% | 22% | 75% | 12% | 35% |
| Navan, Inc. | 6.5x | 6,262 | 765 | 25.8% | 35% | 72% | -25% | 0% |
| ServiceTitan, Inc. | 6.4x | 7,553 | 1,014 | 16.0% | 24% | 71% | -14% | 16% |
| Zscaler, Inc. | 6.1x | 22,780 | 3,174 | 17.9% | 25% | 77% | -4% | 35% |
| Qualys, Inc. | 6.0x | 4,421 | 685 | 7.7% | 10% | 83% | 34% | 35% |
| Oracle Corporation | 5.8x | 515,127 | 67,357 | 32.6% | 17% | 66% | 33% | -32% |
| Netskope, Inc. | 5.1x | 4,729 | 753 | 22.9% | 31% | 69% | -95% | 37% |
| Dynatrace, Inc. | 5.1x | 11,855 | 2,018 | 15.4% | 19% | 82% | 13% | 25% |
| Twilio Inc. | 4.8x | 28,674 | 5,302 | 12.6% | 16% | 49% | 5% | 17% |
| SentinelOne, Inc. | 4.7x | 5,877 | 1,049 | 19.3% | 21% | 73% | -29% | 26% |
| Dropbox, Inc. | 4.1x | 10,316 | 2,526 | -1.2% | -1% | 80% | 27% | 35% |
| EverCommerce Inc. | 4.1x | 2,592 | 594 | 5.8% | 5% | 78% | 10% | 19% |
| C3.ai, Inc. | 4.1x | 910 | 250 | -10.4% | -36% | 31% | -195% | -11% |
| Q2 Holdings, Inc. | 4.0x | 3,730 | 846 | 9.5% | 14% | 57% | 10% | 23% |
| Zoom Communications, Inc. | 4.0x | 20,510 | 4,933 | 4.2% | 5% | 78% | 25% | 40% |
| Waystar Holding Corp. | 4.0x | 5,336 | 1,206 | 11.5% | 19% | 69% | 24% | 30% |
| GitLab Inc. | 3.9x | 4,517 | 1,005 | 14.9% | 25% | 87% | -5% | 31% |
| Paylocity Holding Corporation | 3.9x | 7,218 | 1,727 | 7.5% | 11% | 69% | 21% | 22% |
| Salesforce, Inc. | 3.9x | 181,423 | 42,829 | 10.0% | 11% | 78% | 22% | 40% |
| Box, Inc. | 3.8x | 4,954 | 1,207 | 8.2% | 10% | 80% | 9% | 30% |
| International Business Machines Corporation | 3.7x | 267,937 | 69,095 | 3.9% | 8% | 58% | 18% | 19% |
| Paycom Software, Inc. | 3.7x | 8,255 | 2,093 | 6.6% | 9% | 88% | 28% | 14% |
| Adobe Inc. | 3.6x | 100,989 | 25,198 | 10.0% | 11% | 89% | 37% | 37% |
| Atlassian Corporation | 3.6x | 25,741 | 6,190 | 14.3% | 25% | 85% | 1% | 26% |
| Workday, Inc. | 3.6x | 39,052 | 9,854 | 10.9% | 13% | 76% | 12% | 32% |
| Constellation Software Inc. | 3.4x | 48,619 | 12,150 | 18.2% | 17% | 37% | 16% | 24% |
| Tenable Holdings, Inc. | 3.3x | 3,726 | 1,044 | 6.9% | 10% | 78% | 4% | 26% |
| SPS Commerce, Inc. | 3.1x | 2,527 | 772 | 5.3% | 10% | 70% | 16% | 22% |
| Workiva Inc. | 3.1x | 3,286 | 926 | 16.4% | 20% | 79% | 0% | 17% |
| Elastic N.V. | 3.0x | 6,060 | 1,739 | 14.7% | 17% | 76% | -2% | 27% |
| Progress Software Corporation | 2.9x | 2,888 | 1,004 | -0.8% | 16% | 86% | 19% | 34% |
| Klaviyo, Inc. | 2.8x | 4,472 | 1,312 | 21.3% | 30% | 75% | -3% | 18% |
| HubSpot, Inc. | 2.8x | 10,713 | 3,298 | 16.5% | 21% | 84% | 2% | 20% |
| DocuSign, Inc. | 2.8x | 9,839 | 3,286 | 8.4% | 8% | 80% | 11% | 38% |
| Braze, Inc. | 2.7x | 2,502 | 787 | 18.6% | 27% | 66% | -15% | 24% |
| BlackLine, Inc. | 2.6x | 2,036 | 717 | 9.7% | 8% | 75% | 5% | 19% |
| Appian Corporation | 2.5x | 2,068 | 763 | 10.6% | 20% | 72% | 2% | 13% |
| Pegasystems Inc. | 2.4x | 4,733 | 1,736 | 12.9% | 4% | 76% | 11% | 29% |
| Freshworks Inc. | 2.4x | 2,398 | 871 | 14.1% | 16% | 85% | 2% | 30% |
| BILL Holdings, Inc. | 2.4x | 4,207 | 1,600 | 12.0% | 12% | 84% | -3% | 11% |
| Amplitude, Inc. | 2.3x | 974 | 357 | 16.6% | 16% | 74% | -27% | 15% |
| Via Transportation, Inc. | 2.3x | 1,325 | 463 | 24.6% | 30% | 39% | -18% | 0% |
| RingCentral, Inc. | 2.2x | 5,897 | 2,584 | 4.4% | 5% | 72% | 7% | 26% |
| Open Text Corporation | 2.2x | 11,307 | 5,208 | 0.3% | 0% | 76% | 22% | 20% |
| ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. | 2.0x | 2,366 | 1,254 | -6.4% | 4% | 87% | 22% | 30% |
| VTEX | 2.0x | 544 | 247 | 9.9% | 8% | 78% | 10% | 16% |
| Asana, Inc. | 2.0x | 1,741 | 809 | 8.4% | 9% | 89% | -17% | 24% |
| DoubleVerify Holdings, Inc. | 2.0x | 1,648 | 764 | 9.2% | 12% | 82% | 12% | 17% |
| Docebo Inc. | 1.9x | 535 | 251 | 12.0% | 13% | 80% | 11% | 17% |
| monday.com Ltd. | 1.8x | 2,705 | 1,301 | 17.5% | 25% | 89% | 1% | 19% |
| Upland Software, Inc. | 1.7x | 344 | 202 | -2.2% | -25% | 76% | 10% | 24% |
| Asure Software, Inc. | 1.7x | 287 | 155 | 7.6% | 24% | 68% | -1% | 6% |
| Five9, Inc. | 1.7x | 2,183 | 1,175 | 10.0% | 9% | 55% | 6% | 24% |
| Rackspace Technology, Inc. | 1.7x | 4,182 | 2,698 | -7.2% | 0% | 19% | -2% | 11% |
| PagerDuty, Inc. | 1.6x | 797 | 494 | 0.6% | 4% | 85% | 6% | 24% |
| Yext, Inc. | 1.5x | 680 | 445 | -0.1% | 2% | 75% | 1% | 8% |
| Enghouse Systems Limited | 1.4x | 480 | 356 | -6.5% | -4% | 63% | 18% | 18% |
| Riskified Ltd. | 1.3x | 495 | 351 | 10.4% | 5% | 52% | -7% | 12% |
| Sprinklr, Inc. | 1.3x | 1,091 | 871 | 0.0% | 8% | 66% | 6% | 15% |
| eGain Corporation | 1.2x | 110 | 92 | -1.2% | 5% | 74% | 11% | 11% |
| Kaltura, Inc. | 1.0x | 189 | 178 | 4.4% | -1% | 71% | -2% | 18% |
| Sprout Social, Inc. | 0.9x | 451 | 470 | 6.9% | 12% | 77% | -8% | 22% |
| Domo, Inc. | 0.9x | 276 | 318 | -1.5% | 0% | 75% | -10% | 17% |
| Expensify, Inc. | 0.9x | 115 | 140 | -3.3% | -1% | 50% | -13% | 13% |
| Commerce.com, Inc. | 0.8x | 268 | 347 | 3.2% | 4% | 78% | 1% | 15% |
| Top 10 Average | 18.6x | 96,940 | 3,809 | 27.0% | 29% | 70% | 4% | 25% |
| Top 10 Median | 14.6x | 95,147 | 3,000 | 24.6% | 30% | 74% | -1% | 29% |
| Overall Average | 5.3x | 76,188 | 8,717 | 11.9% | 14% | 72% | 1% | 22% |
| Overall Median | 3.5x | 4,843 | 1,144 | 10.3% | 13% | 75% | 5% | 22% |
Multiples by Growth Tranche
Valuation multiples are strongly correlated to expected growth. Scalar has selected the tranches based on current market conditions.
EV/NTM Revenue Multiple
High Growth (> 20%)
9.6x
|
|
Multiple
|
Growth
|
|---|---|---|
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | 33.6x | 63.5% |
| DigitalOcean Holdings, Inc. | 11.5x | 33.1% |
| Oracle Corporation | 5.8x | 32.6% |
| Figma, Inc. | 7.4x | 30.4% |
| Cloudflare, Inc. | 32.9x | 28.6% |
| Snowflake Inc. | 15.5x | 28.3% |
| Navan, Inc. | 6.5x | 25.8% |
| Shopify Inc. | 9.4x | 25.2% |
| Via Transportation, Inc. | 2.3x | 24.6% |
| Datadog, Inc. | 20.2x | 23.9% |
| Netskope, Inc. | 5.1x | 22.9% |
| CrowdStrike Holdings, Inc. | 30.5x | 22.6% |
| Samsara Inc. | 9.8x | 21.4% |
| Klaviyo, Inc. | 2.8x | 21.3% |
EV/NTM Revenue Multiple
Average Growth (10%-20%)
3.6x
|
|
Multiple
|
Growth
|
|---|---|---|
| ServiceNow, Inc. | 6.6x | 19.9% |
| SentinelOne, Inc. | 4.7x | 19.3% |
| Braze, Inc. | 2.7x | 18.6% |
| MongoDB, Inc. | 8.1x | 18.3% |
| Constellation Software Inc. | 3.4x | 18.2% |
| Zscaler, Inc. | 6.1x | 17.9% |
| Microsoft Corporation | 9.0x | 17.7% |
| monday.com Ltd. | 1.8x | 17.5% |
| Amplitude, Inc. | 2.3x | 16.6% |
| HubSpot, Inc. | 2.8x | 16.5% |
| JFrog Ltd. | 13.6x | 16.5% |
| Workiva Inc. | 3.1x | 16.4% |
| ServiceTitan, Inc. | 6.4x | 16.0% |
| Dynatrace, Inc. | 5.1x | 15.4% |
| GitLab Inc. | 3.9x | 14.9% |
| Elastic N.V. | 3.0x | 14.7% |
| Atlassian Corporation | 3.6x | 14.3% |
| Freshworks Inc. | 2.4x | 14.1% |
| Pegasystems Inc. | 2.4x | 12.9% |
| Twilio Inc. | 4.8x | 12.6% |
| Docebo Inc. | 1.9x | 12.0% |
| BILL Holdings, Inc. | 2.4x | 12.0% |
| Waystar Holding Corp. | 4.0x | 11.5% |
| Workday, Inc. | 3.6x | 10.9% |
| Appian Corporation | 2.5x | 10.6% |
| Riskified Ltd. | 1.3x | 10.4% |
| The Descartes Systems Group Inc. | 7.3x | 10.2% |
| Five9, Inc. | 1.7x | 10.0% |
| Adobe Inc. | 3.6x | 10.0% |
EV/NTM Revenue Multiple
Low Growth (< 10%)
2.2x
|
|
Multiple
|
Growth
|
|---|---|---|
| Salesforce, Inc. | 3.9x | 10.0% |
| VTEX | 2.0x | 9.9% |
| BlackLine, Inc. | 2.6x | 9.7% |
| Q2 Holdings, Inc. | 4.0x | 9.5% |
| DoubleVerify Holdings, Inc. | 2.0x | 9.2% |
| Okta, Inc. | 6.9x | 9.1% |
| Asana, Inc. | 2.0x | 8.4% |
| DocuSign, Inc. | 2.8x | 8.4% |
| Box, Inc. | 3.8x | 8.2% |
| Qualys, Inc. | 6.0x | 7.7% |
| Asure Software, Inc. | 1.7x | 7.6% |
| Paylocity Holding Corporation | 3.9x | 7.5% |
| Manhattan Associates, Inc. | 9.1x | 7.2% |
| Tenable Holdings, Inc. | 3.3x | 6.9% |
| Sprout Social, Inc. | 0.9x | 6.9% |
| Paycom Software, Inc. | 3.7x | 6.6% |
| EverCommerce Inc. | 4.1x | 5.8% |
| SPS Commerce, Inc. | 3.1x | 5.3% |
| RingCentral, Inc. | 2.2x | 4.4% |
| Kaltura, Inc. | 1.0x | 4.4% |
| Zoom Communications, Inc. | 4.0x | 4.2% |
| International Business Machines Corporation | 3.7x | 3.9% |
| Commerce.com, Inc. | 0.8x | 3.2% |
| PagerDuty, Inc. | 1.6x | 0.6% |
| Open Text Corporation | 2.2x | 0.3% |
| Sprinklr, Inc. | 1.3x | 0.0% |
| Yext, Inc. | 1.5x | -0.1% |
| Progress Software Corporation | 2.9x | -0.8% |
| eGain Corporation | 1.2x | -1.2% |
| Dropbox, Inc. | 4.1x | -1.2% |
| Domo, Inc. | 0.9x | -1.5% |
| Upland Software, Inc. | 1.7x | -2.2% |
| Expensify, Inc. | 0.9x | -3.3% |
| ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. | 2.0x | -6.4% |
| Enghouse Systems Limited | 1.4x | -6.5% |
| Rackspace Technology, Inc. | 1.7x | -7.2% |
| C3.ai, Inc. | 4.1x | -10.4% |
EV/NTM Revenue Multiple - Top Quartile
NTM Revenue Multiple and NTM Growth Rate for the top quartile of companies in the Scalar Software Index, ordered by NTM Growth Rate.
* PLTR (33.6x, 63.5% NTM Growth) have been excluded to enhance visual meaning of this chart.
Enterprise Software Operating Metrics
Last updated Q2 2026
Median
Net Dollar Retention
110.0%
Median
ARR Growth
13.7%
Median
Payback Period
28 months
Top 10*
Net Dollar Retention
120.0%
Top 10*
ARR Growth
30.9%
Top 10*
Payback Period
24 months
*Median multiple, growth rate, and gross margin for the top 10 companies based on EV/NTM Revenue.
Pre- & Post- Money Deals
Averages for the trailing 6 months of successful software and SAAS fundraising, including rounds Series A through Series D.
Average
Deal Size
- Series A$31.0B
- Series B$50.0B
- Series C$312.0B
- Series D$378.0B
Average
Pre Money Valuation
- Series A$214.0B
- Series B$234.0B
- Series C$4,316.0B
- Series D$9,362.0B
Average
Post Money Valuation
- Series A$247.0B
- Series B$286.0B
- Series C$4,663.0B
- Series D$9,888.0B
The data for the Scalar Software Index is collected based on market data on the last trading day of the previous month.
Metric definitions:
- EV/NTM Rev: Enterprise value to next twelve months revenue.
- EV $MM: Enterprise value, calculated as the market value of equity plus net debt and minority interest, in millions of USD.
- LTM Rev $MM: The last twelve months revenue in millions of USD.
- NTM Rev Growth: The expected growth rate of revenue for the next twelve months.
- LTM Rev Growth: The growth rate of revenue over the last twelve months.
- Gross Margin: The percentage calculated from gross profit over revenue.
- Operating Margin: The percentage calculated from operating income (EBIT) over revenue.
- FCF Margin: The percentage calculated from unlevered free cash flow over revenue.
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Data Sources: S&P Global Market Intelligence and PitchBook Data, Inc.
Enterprise Software Operating Metrics provided by Public Comps.